Pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreas. The pathology occurs in acute and chronic forms. The condition has a rather specific symptomatology: severe pain in the left hypochondria, sometimes of a dangerous character, foul-smelling stool, nausea and vomiting.
Diet for pancreatitis of the pancreas is one of the main areas of treatment of pathology. The patient's menu depends on the general health condition and the period of the disease. It is necessary to adhere to a medical diet for several months.
General principles
The diet for pancreatitis should be sparing. Basic principles of nutrition:
- fractional diet - food must be taken five to six times a day in small portions;
- dishes should be crushed, which facilitates the process of digestion;
- allowed cooking methods are steaming and cooking;
- fresh vegetables and fruits are completely forbidden, ie. not cooked;
- the allowed daily amount of salt does not exceed 5 grams;
- be sure to take infusions and decoctions of rosehip berries;
- dishes served at the table should be warm - hot and cold are contraindicated;
- canning, semi-finished products, fatty / fried / high-salt foods and products are completely prohibited.
Deviation from the principles of dietary nutrition can cause the development of pancreatitis attacks.
Permitted and prohibited products
To reduce the production of pancreatic juice and reduce the load on the inflamed gland, it is necessary to completely exclude from the patient's diet:
- Soups cooked in rich soups of meat, fish and mushrooms, as well as complex soups - cabbage soup, pickles, borscht. Cold and dairy products are excluded.
- Bread - today's pastries made of wheat / rye flour, puff pastry and pastries, pies fried in butter, tortillas.
- Fatty meat - pork, lamb, duck, goose - sausages, offal, canned food and smoked meat.
- Fish. Fatty varieties, smoked, salted, are forbidden.
- Milk also produces lactic acid with a high fat content.
- Groats - millet, pearl barley, wheat, corn.
- Fried and hard boiled eggs.
- Vegetables - beets, radishes, garlic, pepper, eggplant, cabbage, spinach.
- Sweets - jam, ice cream, fresh dates, grapes, bananas, figs.
- Spicy spices.
- Coffee, strong brewed tea, coffee, juice, grape juice.
- Refractory fats - pork, beef, lamb.
When creating a menu for each day, it is necessary to take into account the recommendations of nutritionists and use only approved products. To:
- dried loaf, biscuits, homemade crackers;
- vegetarian soups with the addition of mashed vegetables - potatoes, zucchini, pumpkin, carrots - noodles, semolina or oatmeal;
- lean meat - chicken, rabbit, turkey - in the form of steamed cutlets, souffle, dumplings, beef stroganoff;
- low-fat fish varieties - polpet, carp, cod;
- cereals - oatmeal, semolina, rice - are used to make cereals, porridges, puddings;
- skim milk and lactic acid products;
- steamed omelet without egg yolks;
- vegetables - potatoes, zucchini, beets, pumpkin, cauliflower, carrots, green peas;
- sweet berries and fruits in the form of mousses, jellies, puddings, apples baked in the oven;
- sauces - milk and cooked in vegetable soup (when flour is used, the latter is not stewed);
- butter and vegetable oil;
- weak tea with lemon, non-carbonated mineral water, decoction of rose hips, juices diluted with water.
Diet for acute pancreatitis
If we are talking about what kind of diet is recommended for a patient with an acute form of inflammation, then this is a 5P treatment table. In the first two to four days, a person is recommended complete starvation. Only liquid intake is allowed - decoction of rosehip berries, Borjomi (without gas), weak tea. Then the patient switches to nutritional therapy. Unsalted but carbohydrate-rich dishes are allowed on the menu.
Approximate list of dishes that can be included in the menu:
- steamed omelet on protein;
- meat souffle;
- fish and meat dumplings;
- puree soups - rice and oatmeal - and vegetarian options;
- vegetable puree;
- mashed porridge - rice, buckwheat, oatmeal;
- apples in the form of jelly or foam;
- fruit drinks made from wild rose berries, cranberries, black currants;
- tea with added milk;
- cottage cheese and dishes made from it;
- cereal puddings.
Before going to bed, you can offer kefir, yogurt, a glass of water with a teaspoon of honey dissolved in it, prunes and raisins.
Indicative weekly menu
When compiling a menu for a week, it must be borne in mind that the patient's diet should be varied. You can use the following recommendations when creating a patient menu for the whole week.
Breakfast can be served with boiled beet salad and dried fruit compote, 150 grams of low-fat cottage cheese and rosehip decoction, steamed omelette without egg yolks, weak tea with biscuits, grated oatmeal and berry jelly, pumpkin puree, drinkpomegranate, cheese with biscuits, pomegranate soup, mashed buckwheat porridge, compote.
Second breakfast: well-cooked rice porridge with steamed raisins, carrot salad with vegetable oil, apple stuffed with dried apricots and baked in the oven, pumpkin and carrot puree, boiled beets, apple baked with sugar.
Vegetarian soups are allowed for lunch, for example, borscht, boiled fish decorated with well-cooked rice, boiled beef, fresh cheese casserole, steamed chicken cutlet, pasta with cooked minced meat, stew. Snack options: fruit jellies, vegetable rolls, fresh berry jellies, fruit pudding, baked potatoes, sandwiches with butter and a piece of cheese, bean puree are allowed.
Dinner: baked apple puree and nonfat yogurt, rice porridge with raisins, varennet, vinaigrette and yogurt, steamed cauliflower, a glass of yogurt, zucchini caviar, kefir, steamed omelet, fermented baked milk, rice porridge and rice porridge.
By alternating meals, you can create a "delicious" weekly menu that will provide the sick person’s body with all the necessary substances, but at the same time the pancreas will get a minimal nutritional load. Recipes for some dishes can be found below.
Diet for the combined course of pancreatitis with gastritis or cholecystitis
If the underlying disease is accompanied by the development of cholecystitis, then the menu is allowed to include:
- slimy soups of rice, oatmeal or semolina;
- mashed porridge, boiled in water, it is strictly forbidden to add milk and butter;
- vegetable juices, compotes;
- Homemade white bread croutons;
- puree of cooked meat, fish;
- low-fat cottage cheese.
In the combined course of pancreatitis and gastritis, the menu should include mashed oatmeal, rice and semolina soups, to which you can add egg yolks and a little butter, vegetable purees - potatoes, carrots, beets - with the addition of milk or cream, steamed souffles, cutlets. etc. minced meat and fish dumplings.
The strict option is recommended only during the acute period of the disease. After stabilization of the condition, the person switches to the diet recommended for chronic pancreatitis.
Characteristics of childhood nutrition
The guiding principles of nutrition in children are fragmentation, maximum degree of grinding, compliance with the requirements of culinary processing and diversity. Small portions, if served often, prevent the child from feeling hungry. In this case, there is no violation of the metabolic process.
Daily calorie intake is calculated based on the weight and age of the child. In the remission phase, the menu is allowed to include fresh vegetables and fruits (to a limited extent), but the basis of the diet are cereals with milk, minced meat dishes - chicken, turkey, vegetable soups without meat, fish - cooked or roasted, cooked vegetables, dairy products. In small quantities and daily, it is allowed to give the child marshmallows, jam, jam, jam, honey.
Bitan!When introducing a new product into the diet, it is necessary to monitor the condition of the child.
Recipes
We offer you several recipes for dishes that can be prepared for diagnosed pancreatitis.
Beef pudding
Grind the cooked beef pulp (130 g) in a blender bowl. Add semolina (10 g), beaten egg whites, egg yolks and a little water (about 1/3 cup) to the puree. Add a few crystals of salt. Coat the mold with oil, put the prepared minced meat and bake on steam.
Fish dumplings
Grind lean fish (300 g) in a meat grinder. Grind a quarter of the dried loaf and pour the pieces with milk (100 ml). Squeeze the bread and mix it with minced meat, add a couple of whipped proteins. Add salt and mix well. With two spoons, form small balls and cook them in salted water until they soften. This will take about 15 minutes.
Mashed vegetable soup
Cook until you cook potatoes (2 pcs. ), Carrots and half a small zucchini. Drain the soup in a separate bowl and mash the vegetables with a blender. Pour the puree over the broth to the desired density and bring to the boil. Cook for 3 minutes. Serve warm with a teaspoon of sour cream in the soup.
Fish pudding
The fish carcass must be divided into two fillets. Boil the first one and rub it through a sieve. Grind the other part in a meat grinder. Combine both masses, put egg yolks, butter, salt. Mesite. Divide into portion molds and cook on steam.
Chicken souffle
Grind the cooked chicken in a meat grinder. Add egg yolks and butter to the minced meat. Stir well. Then lightly add the whipped egg whites to the frothy foam. Put the mass into a mold and cook on steam.
Banana dessert
Melt 2 packs of gelatin according to the instructions. From this add 250 ml of natural yogurt. Steam a few bananas and peeled peaches. Place the foil on the bottom of the plastic mold. Form the dessert in layers - biscuit crumbs, yogurt cream with gelatin, banana and peach puree. Alternate layers. Put the jam in the fridge to make the jelly firm up.
Adherence to the principles of dietary nutrition in pancreatitis is a prerequisite for achieving permanent and long-term remission. The menu for patients with pancreatitis in adults and children, with the right approach to development, can be quite diverse and fully meet all the needs of the body.